销售人员必须知道的20句超级实用英语

销售人员必须知道的20句超级实用英语

Your T shirts can find a ready market in the eastern part of our country.

  贵国的T恤在我国东部市场很畅销。

  We all understand that Chinese shippers are very popular in your market on account of their superior quality and competitive price.

  我们都知道中国拖鞋因价廉物美而畅销于你方市场。

  This product has been a best seller for nearly one year.

  该货成为畅销货已经将近1年了。

  There is a good market for these articles.

  这些商品畅销。

  There is a poor market for these articles.

  这些商品滞销。

  There is no market for these articles.

  这些商品无销路。

  Your bicycles find a ready market here.

  你们的自行车在此地销路很好。

  They talked over at great length the matter of how to increase the sale of your products.

  他们详细地讨论了怎样增加你方产品的销售。

  Please furnish us with more information From time to time so that we may find outlets for our stationery.

  由于对此货物的需求将不断增加,请提前补充货源。

  They are doing their utmost to open up an outlet.

  他们正在尽最大努力以打开销路。

  Our demand for this product is steadily on the increase.

  我们对该产品的需求正在稳步地增长。

  We are sure that you can sell more this year according to the marketing conditions at your end.

  根据你地的市场情况,我们确信今年你们有望销得更好。

  Packing has a close bearing on sales.

  包装对产品的销路有很大关系。

  We are trying to find a market for this article.

  我们正在努力为此项商品找销路。

  We regret we cannot find any market for this article.

  我们很抱歉不能为此项商品找到销路。

  According to our experience, these handicrafts can find a ready market in Japan.

  根据我们的经验,这些手工艺品在日本销路很好。

  We can discuss further details when you have a thorough knowledge of the marketing possibilities of our products.

  等你们全面了解我们产品销售可能性之后,我们再进一步细谈。

  According to your estimate, what is the maximum annual turnover you could fulfill?

  据你估计,你能完成的最大年销售量是多少呢?

  The market situation is not known to us.

  我们还不了解市场情况。

  Your market still has great potential.

  你们的市场仍有很大潜力。

  There are only a few unsold pieces.

  只有几件商品未售出。

  Words and Phrases

  salable 畅销的

  popular 有销路的

  find a market 销售

  selling line 销路

  trial sale, test sale, test market 试销

  salable goods 畅销货

  popular goods 快货

  the best selling line (the best seller) 热门货

  to find (have) a ready market 有销路,畅销

  to have a strong footing in a market 很有销路

  good market 畅销

  poor(no) market 滞销

  goods that sell well 畅销货

  sell like wild fire 畅销,销得很快

Posted in 商务英语 Business English | Leave a comment

WTO英语900句(1)

There’s a system’s failure.

 机器系统出毛病了。

 There’s a breakdown.

 出毛病了。

 I’m phoning to complain about the product.

 我打电话投诉产品问题。

 I’m sorry to hear that. What exactly is the problem?

 很抱歉。出什么问题了?

 It’s broken./It doesn’t work./It’s faulty.

 坏了。/不运行了。/出毛病了。

faulty adj (-ier, -iest) having a fault or faults; imperfect 有缺点的; 有过失的; 不完善的:

* a faulty switch 有毛病的开关

* a faulty argument 有错误的论据.

> faultily adv in a faulty manner 有缺点地; 有过失地; 有错误地.

I think I can do better than that.

 我想我能做得更好。

 What’s the problem?

 什么问题?

 The problem is the photocopier isn’t working.

 问题是复印机坏了。

1 process for producing photocopies without the use of wet materials (乾式的)影印, 复印:

[attrib 作定语] a Xerox machine (乾式)影印机.

2 photocopy made using this process (乾式影印的)影印件, 复印件:

* make/take a couple of Xeroxes of the contract 复制出合同的影印件.

> xerox v produce copies of (documents, etc) using the Xerox or a similar process 影印, 复印(文件等):

* Could you xerox this letter please, Paula? 葆拉, 请你把这封信复印一份行吗?

 What’s wrong? What exactly is the problem?

 怎么回事?哪里出毛病了?

 There’s some paper stuck in the machine.

 复印机卡纸了。

stick (in sth) be or become fixed in one place and unable to move 卡在某处不能移动:

* This drawer sticks badly. 这个抽屉卡得死死的.

* The key stuck in the lock. 钥匙在锁中卡住了.

* The bus stuck in the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里了.

We’ll be needing payment within 30 days.

 我们需要在三十天内付款。

 I think that’s acceptable./unacceptable.

 我认为这可以接受。/不可以接受。

 I think we could agree to that.

 我想我们能够同意。

 Can you offer us the same unit price as last year?

 你能够为我们提供与去年一样的单价吗?

offer / ')fэ(r); US '):f-; `)fэ/ v

~ sth (to sb) (for sth) put forward sth (to sb) to be considered and accepted or refused; present (向某人)提出某事物供考虑、 接受或拒绝; 提供:

* The company has offered a high salary. 公司已提出高薪相聘.

* She offered a reward for the return of her lost bracelet. 她为寻回遗失的手镯提出以酬金答谢.

* I've been offered a job in Japan. 日本有份工作要聘请我去做.

* He offered her a cigarette. 他敬她一枝烟.

* We offered him the house for £35000. 这所房子我们向他索价35000英镑.

* He offered £30000 for the house. 他还价30000英镑买这所房子.

 We could do a 20% discount on 700,000 units. That’s the best I can offer.

 我们七十万件可以打八折。这是最大的折扣。

discount / 'diskaunt; `diskaunt/ n [U, C]

1 amount of money taken off the cost of sth 从某物的价格中扣去的数目; 折扣:

* We give (a) 10% discount for cash, ie for immediate payment. 现金付款, 我们予以九折优待.

2 (commerce 商) amount deducted for paying a bill of exchange 折息贴现.

3 (idm 习语) at a discount (a) at a reduced price 打折扣; 减价.

It’ll take a couple of days to process your application.

 银行需要几天来处理你的申请。

 You should receive written confirmation of the loan in a few days.

 几天后,你就会收到贷款的书面答复。

 Let’s talk about delivery dates.

 我们谈一谈送货日期。

 Let’s talk about using a different supplier.

 我们谈一谈用另外一个供应商。

 We’ll be needing 500,000 units.

 我们需要五十万件。

 Have you got all the financial details you need?

 你得到所需的一切金融详情了吗?

 We’ll need security on a loan of this size.

 我们对这样一笔贷款需要安全担保。

 My father has agreed to guarantee the loan.

 我父亲答应担保这笔贷款。

 Will the bank agree to the loan?

 银行同意贷款吗?

 That seems fine. I can’t see any problems with your application.

 大概会的。我看你的申请没有什么问题。

 I want to borrow some money.

 我想借一些钱。

 How are you going to make the repayments?

 你打算如何还款?

 I think I need to borrow $500,000.

 我要借五十万美元。

 Have you got any capital?

 你有资本吗?

 How is the capital invested?

 资本如何投资的?

 How soon can we expect delivery?

 我们多久能收到邮件?

 We can deliver the order by 15th.

 我们可以在十五日发送。

 Either the delivery is immediate, or we’ll have to cancel the order.

 若不能立即送货,我们将取消定货。

 I’d like to talk about a bank loan.

 我想谈一谈银行贷款。

 What is your income?

 你的收入是多少?

 What does the guarantee cover?

 担保的内容是什么?

 Do you charge extra for delivery?

 另收送货费吗?

 Yes, we do.

 是的。

 What about delivery time?

 送货时间呢?

 We can’t deliver before July 12th.

 七月十二日之前无法送货。

 If I buy 50 units, will you give me a discount?

 如果买五十台,可以打折吗?

 I’ll give you a 20% discount if you buy 200.

 如果买二百台,可以打八折。

 What sort of guarantee do you offer?

 有什么担保?

 How long does the guarantee last?

 担保期多长?

 It’s valid for two years.

 两年。

 It’s made of wood.

 木制的。

 How much does it weigh?

 有多重?

 It weighs 15 kgs.

 重15公斤。

 Could you give me a discount?

 可以打折吗?

 It depends on the size of the order.

 这取决于你的订购数量。

 What does it look like?

 什么样子?

 It’s big and heavy but elegant.

 大而重,但很雅观。

 What colors does it come in?

一共有几种颜色?

come in: become available (at a particular time of the year)(在一年的某一时间)有(货); 可以买到:

* English strawberries usually come in in late June. 英国草莓通常在六月下旬上市)

 It comes in red and blue.

 红色和蓝色两种。

 What’s it made of?

 用什么做的?

 There’s more timber to transport now.

 现在有更多的木材需要运输。

 What is the competition like?

 竞争情况如何?

 You mean the other companies transporting timber?

 你的意思是其它木材运输公司吗?

 Could you send me some details about the C22 model?

 你能提供C22型的详细资料吗?

 I’ll send you a brochure.

 我给你一份小册子。

Could you run through the procedure, please?

 你能大概演示一下该生产过程吗?

 First … Then … Next … Finally …

 首先…然后…接着…最后…

 What’s your share of the existing market?

 目前,你们占多少市场份额?

 The total market is growing.

 总的市场在增长。

 How much work is there?

 有多大的工作量?

 I’ll hang up and call you back, OK?

 我先挂了,回头再打给你,好吗?

 What happens here?

 怎么了?

 This is Where we check the output.

 这是我们检测产量的地方。

 What’s this for?

 这是干什么用的?

 This is used for cutting raw materials.

 这是用来切割原料的。

 What type of computer? We have three very popular models.

 什么类型?我们有三种非常流行的样式。

 Is that 62354972?

 是62354972吗?

 You’ve got the wrong number. This is Beijing 62354973.

 你打错了。这里是北京的62354973。

 Sohu.com? I’m sorry, I’ve got the wrong number.

 搜狐公司?对不起,我打错了。

 This is a very bad line.

 这条线路打不通。

 I’m sorry, Lee’s in a meeting right now. Can I take a message?

 对不起,李正在开会。我可以转告吗?

( take a message / leave a message )

 No, thanks, I’ll call again later.

 不,谢谢,过一会我再打过来。

 Could you tell him I called?

 请你告诉他我打过电话,好吗?

 OK, I’ll ask Mr Lee to phone you as soon as he gets back.

 好的,李先生一回来,我就让他给你回电话。

 I’d like some information about computer, please.

 我需要一些关于计算机的信息。

 Yes.

 是的。

 I’d like to speak to Mr Lee, please.

 我想和李先生通话。

 How do you spell that?

 怎么拼写? ( Who’s calling? /Who’s speaking, please ? / May I have your name? )

 L-E-E. Extension 4717.

 L-E-E. 转4717分机。 ( 总机:switchboard )

 4-7-1-7. One moment, please.

 4-7-1-7.请稍等。 ( Just a minute, please. /  Hold on a minute, please. I’ll put you through. )

 I’ll be in touch.

 我会和你联系。

 We’d better talk to the boss.

 我们最好和老板谈谈。

 OK. Right.

 好吧。

 Fine. I see.

 好,我懂。

Really? That’s interesting.

 真的?太有意思了。

 To be honest, I’d prefer a glass of water.

 说真的,我想喝杯水。

 Do you mind if I smoke?

 你介意我吸烟吗?

 No problem./Not at all. Please go ahead.

 请便。

 I’d rather you didn’t.

 最好别吸。

 I need to talk to my boss.

 我想和老板谈谈。

 Let me explain something about our company.

 我来介绍一些公司的情况。

 Let me help you with your bags.

 我帮你拎包。

 Let me take your coat.

 我替你拿外衣。

 Shall I call you a taxi?

 我为你叫辆的士好吗?

 Would you like a tea?

 来份茶吗?

 I think I’ll have chicken.

 我要一份鸡肉。

 Thank you for the invitation.

 感谢你的邀请。

 I’ve had a very interesting visit.

 我的这次访问很有趣。

 Your products are excellent.

 你们的产品太棒了。

 Your prices are reasonable.

 你们的价格合理。

 Shall I show you around the factory?

 我带你去参观工厂,好吗?

 That’s very kind of you, thank you.

 你太好了,谢谢。

 Thank you but I’ve made other plans.

 谢谢,但我已另有安排。

 

 What would you like?

 你想吃点什么?

 Can you recommend something?

 你能推荐一下吗?

 I’d like a sandwich.

 我要一个三明治。

No, thank you, I’m afraid I’m not hungry.

 不,谢谢,我不饿。

 Would you like to have dinner with me?

 愿意和我们一起吃晚饭吗?

 Yes, I’d like that, thank you.

 好啊,谢谢。

 I’ll meet you at 7 o’clock.

 我们七点见。

 I’m sorry I can’t. I arranged the trip last month.

 对不起。上个月我已安排了旅行。

 It’ll be difficult but I’ll try. I’ll let you know this afternoon.

 这很困难,但我会努力。今天下午我告诉你。

 I can make the meeting on Monday.

 我可以安排星期一见面。

 Would you like to have lunch on Saturday?

 你愿意星期六一起吃午饭吗?

 That’s very kind of you.

 你太好了。

 That suits me fine.

 这对我很合适。

 Have you got a moment?

 你有空吗?

 Yes, sure.

 是的,有空。

 I’m afraid I’m rather busy.

 抱歉,我很忙。

 Can you rearrange our schedule?

 你能重新安排一下我们的日程吗?

 No, I’m sorry, I can’t do that.

 对不起,我没空。

 When would be convenient?

 什么时候方便? ( What time would be good for you? )

 I’m busy on Wednesday. What about Thursday?

 星期三我很忙。星期四行吗?

 Let me check my diary. Yes, that’s fine.

 我查看一下。好,我有时间。

 We can make the meeting on Friday.

 我们可以星期五见面。

Are you free on Wednesday afternoon?

 星期三下午你有空吗?

 No, I’m sorry, I’m busy on Wednesday.

 对不起,没空。星期三我很忙。

 What about Thursday morning, then?

星期四早晨呢?

 Yes, that’s fine.

 有空。

 Would 10 o’clock on Monday be convenient?

 星期一十点你方便吗?

 How many companies/departments are there?

 有多少家公司/部门?

 There are five companies.

 有五家公司。

 There is one Managing Director in each of the five companies.

 五家的公司的每一家都有一名管理主任。

 Are you free on Monday evening?

 星期一晚上你有空吗?

 Yes, I am.

 有空

 He is in charge of financial matters.

 他负责财务。

Could you tell me who is in charge of personnel, please?

 请问谁负责人事?

 I’m sorry, I don’t know.

 抱歉,我不知道。

 Let me find out for you.

 我来查一查。

 I’m not sure.

 我不太清楚。

 What are the company’s annual sales figures?

 公司的年销售额是多少?

 Who is the head of sales and marketing?

 谁是销售和市场部主管?

 Mr Gong is the head of sales and marketing.

 宫先生是销售和市场部主管。

 What does he do exactly?

 他主要做什么工作?

 He is responsible for selling and marketing products.

 他负责销售和推销产品。

I’m a manager.

我是经理。

 We make/produce drugs.

 我们生产药品。

 How many people do you employ?/How many people does the company employ?

 你雇了多少人?/你们公司雇佣了多少人?

 We employ 2,000 people.

 我们雇佣了两千人。

 We have 200 people working for us.

 我们一共有二百人。

 What do you do, Mr Li?

 李先生,你是做什么工作的?

 I’m in computers. I’m a computer programmer.

 我是做电脑的。我是电脑程序员。

in: indicating sb's occupation, activity, etc 表示某人的职业、 活动等):

*in the army/navy/air force 在陆军[海军/空军]服役

* in business, insurance, computers, journalism, etc 从事商业、 保险业、 计算机业、 新闻业等)

 Who are you with?

 你为谁效力?

with : (as) an employee or client of (an organization) (作为)(一组织)的雇员或委托人:

* I hear he's with ICI now. 我听说他现在在帝国化学工业公司工作.

* She acted with a repertory company for three years. 她在一个轮演剧目剧团里演出三年.

* We're with the same bank. 我们是同一个银行的客户.)

 I’m with the Motorola. Our head office is in US. And what about you?

 我在摩托罗拉公司。总部在美国。你呢?

 What do you do?/What does the company do?

你是做什么的?/你的公司是做什么的?

 Lovely/Terrible weather today.

 多好的/多糟糕的天气。

 Yes, it’s really beautiful/terrible.

 对,真好/糟糕。

How is your wife?/son?/daughter?

 你的妻子/儿子/女儿好吗?

 My wife/son/daughter is very well, thank you.

 我的妻子/儿子/女儿很好,谢谢。

 New York is very busy./crowded./beautiful.

 纽约非常热闹/拥挤/美丽。

 How do you do, Mr Wang?

 你好,王先生。

 How do you do?

 你好。

 Here’s my card.

 这是我的名片。 ( card / name card / calling card )

 OK. I’ll be in touch.

 好,我会跟你联系。

 Nice to meet you, goodbye.

 见到你,很高兴。再见。

 Fine, thank you, and you?

 好,谢谢。你好吗?

 Fine, thank you.

 好,谢谢。

 I’d like you to meet Mr Wang.

 我想让你见一下王先生。

 This is Mr Wang.

 这是王先生。

 He’s From Hongkong.

 他来自香港。

 How do you do?

 你好。(只限于初次见面时使用。)

 How do you do?

 你好。(只限于初次见面时使用。本句是对上句的回答。)

 Pleased to meet you.

 见到你很高兴。

 Pleased to meet you, too.

 见到你,我也很高兴。

 How are you?

 你好。

I know a bit about shoes and I can see the quality in the shaping and stitching.

我对制鞋是了解一些的,从鞋样和针脚上我能看出质量的高低。

We take pride in our craftsmanship.

我们为自己的手艺感到自豪。

They seem to be mass produced by machines.

这些鞋看上去是用机器大批量生产的。

mass-pro`duce: v [Tn] manufacture (identical articles) in very large quantities by mechanical processes

(机械化)大量生产(某种物品):

* mass-produced cars, fridges, etc 大量生产的汽车、 冰箱等.

*,mass pro`duction: manufacturing in this way 大量生产.

We use machines for certain jobs, but they are mainly handmade.

某些工序是用机器完成的,但主要是手工制作的。

Mm…The vamp material is superb.

嗯,鞋的面料很不错。

vamp / vAmp; vAmp/ n upper front part of a boot or shoe 靴面或鞋面的前部.

superb / su:'pэ:b; also, in aritish use, 英读 sju:-; su`pэb/ adj excellent; splendid 卓越的; 杰出的; 极好的:

* a superb player, painting, view 极好的运动员、 画、 景色

* The sports facilities are superb. 运动设施是第一流的.

O.K. So now we can offer you 10,000 pieces of Art. No.17 at US$80 per piece CIFC5% London for shipment in May.

好吧。现在我们向你们报价十七号货一万件,每件成本加运保费至伦敦价八十美元,含佣金5%,五月份装运。

Thank you. How long will this offer be open?

谢谢。这个报价的有效期多长?

offer: [C] ~ (for sth) amount offered 提供考虑的数量; 出价:

* a firm offer, ie one which was genuinely meant and not likely to be withdrawn 实盘

* I've had an offer of £1200 for the car. 有人向我出价1200英镑买这辆汽车.

* They made an offer which I couldn't refuse. 他们出的价我十分满意.

* offer with/without engagement 实盘/虚盘

It’s valid for three days.

三天。

I will study your offer with my colleagues and give you a definite reply in three days.

我将跟同事们研究一下,三天之内给你确切答复。

I’ll be waiting for your good news.

我将等候你的好消息。

We’d like to start with 10,000 pieces. It’s an attractive quantity, isn’t it?

先订一万件。这个数量很可观,是吗?

When do you want the goods to be delivered?

你们要求何时交货?

Could you make it for May?

五月份可以吗?

I think we should manage.

我想我们可以办到。

We pay by letter of credit.

我们用信用证付款。

letter of `credit (finance 财) letter From a bank authorizing the bearer to draw money From another bank 信用证.

We usually quote on CIF basis.

通常我们报CIF价。

quote: ~ sth (at sth) name (an amount) as the price of sth 报(价); 开(价):

* The shares are currently being quoted at 54 pence a share. 该股票现在的报价是每股54便士.

* This is the best price I can quote you. 这是我给你开出的对你最有利的价钱了.

In order to sell successfully there, your goods will have to be competitive in price as well.

为了成功的销售,你们的报价必须具有竞争力。

You’ll find our prices very attractive.

你们会发现我们的价格很有吸引力。

Would you give us an offer for Art. No.17 CIFC 5% London now?

现在请给我们报十七号货成本加运保费到伦敦价,包括百分之五的佣金。

What’s the quantity?

你们的订货量怎么样?

Thank you. We’re very interested in some of your products. Here’s an enquiry sheet we’ve drawn up.

谢谢。我们对你们的一些产品很感兴趣,这是我们拟订的询价单。

Thanks. We’ll look into it carefully.

谢谢。我们会仔细研究一下的。

How about the supply position of your products?

你方产品供货情况怎么样?

We have a steady supply for most of them.

多数产品货源稳定。

Do you quote FOB or CIF?

你们报FOB价还是CIF价?

Here you are. I’m sure our products will interest you.

给。我肯定你会对我们的产品感兴趣的。

I also hope we can do business together in the future.

我也希望我们今后能一起做生意。

I hope so.

希望如此。

Can you show us your catalogue?

可以看一下你们的产品目录吗?

Certainly. Here’s a catalogue for some of our popular items.

当然可以。这是我们一些畅销货的目录。

Have you looked into the sales?

您调查过销售情况吗?

sales: [pl] amount sold 销售额; 销售量: vast sales of ice-cream in the hot weather 天热时冰激凌的巨大销量

* Sales are up (ie More goods have been sold) this month. 本月销售量增加.

Such products are widely sold in markets abroad.

此类产品在国外市场很畅销。

I would like to see the samples first.

我想先看一看样品。

O.K. This is the newest export item for this year.

好的。这是今年出口的最新款式。

Thanks. Do you have catalogues? I’d like to have a few copies to study them carefully.

谢谢。你们有商品目录吗?我想要几份仔细研究一下。

Good morning. Welcome to our company.

早上好。欢迎您到我们公司来(欢迎光临)。

Good morning. I’m the manager of the import division of XYZ Co.Ltd. Here is my card.

早上好。我是XYZ有限公司的进口部经理,这是我的名片。

Pleased to meet you and I’m glad to have the opportunity to recommend to you our latest laser and electronics product of this year.

很高兴认识您并有机会向您推荐我们今年最新的一种光电产品。

What about the functions?

功能怎么样?

It combines many functions in one. It is a high grade product.

它集多种功能于一身,是高档产品。

Here is a catalogue and a price list. The product is a very popular item this year.

这是目录和价目表。这种产品是今年非常流行的款式。

Really! Mm…, what about the quality?

真的吗?嗯,质量怎么样?

Absolutely reliable. The quality is superior, yet the price is very reasonable. It feels soft and smooth.

完全可靠。该产品质优价廉,手感柔软光滑。

Thank you. You’ve been most helpful.

你帮了我们大忙,非常感谢。

My pleasure. I can assure you that you’ll find very good prospects in our products.

不客气。我保证您会发现我们产品的前景非常美好。

I learned From the ads that you manufacture and sell this kind of product.

我从广告上得知,贵公司生产销售这种产品。

Yes, we do. Are you interested in our products? If so, then you’ve come to the right place.

是的。您对我们的产品感兴趣吗?如果感兴趣,那么您来对地方了。

Good.

好极了。

Well, then, what can I do for you? What exactly are you after?

那么,我能为您做些什么?您具体想要些什么呢?

I’d like to know something more about the product. For example, the manufactured materials, the design and the sales position.

我想多了解一下你们的产品。比如,加工原料、设计、及销售情况。

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第二拿手好戏:和陌生人相识相知相交-非凡的能力

第二拿手好戏:和陌生人相识相知相交-非凡的能力

A: Mary, this is Stone's brother Jim.
B: I'm very glad/pleased to meet you.
C: It's a pleasure to meet you. /The pleasure is mine.
B: How do you like China so far? /What's your impression of China? /What do you think of China?
C: Its really different From what I expected.
B: Don't worry. You'll get used to it in no time.
1. May I have your name, please?
2. I think I've seen you before. You look very familiar.
3. Say, don't I know you From somewhere?
4. I must have seen you someWhere before.
5. Haven't we met before?
6. We have talked of you often.
7. I didn't quite catch your name. /I'm sorry. I didn't get your name.
8. A: How do I address you?
B: Please call me Mary. That's my first name.
9. How many brothers and sisters do you have?
10. Where are you working now?
11. I've been looking forward to meeting you.
12. I've heard a great deal about you.
13. Is this your first trip to China? /Have you ever been to Guangzhou?
14. What impressed you the most about Shanghai?
15. May I ask Where you are from?
16. I hope you're enjoying your stay here.
17. It always takes time to get used to a new place.
18. Sorry, I couldn't help overhearing - did you mention something about…(对不起,我无意中听见你们的谈话,你是不是提到…)
下面介绍一些用于安排约会的方法
10. Uh, are you going to be busy this evening?
11. Um, I was thinking of going to a movie tonight. Would you like to come?
12. Are you doing anything tonight? I was wondering if you'd like to go to a movie with me.
13. I'm going to play with a group of friends. Would you like to join us?
如何用地道的英语回答
14. That'd be very nice. /I'd love to. /That's a great idea.
15. Sorry, I'm afraid I'm busy tonight. /Tonight's a problem. What about tomorrow night? /Sorry, I've got people coming over tonight. (今晚有客人来。)

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李阳疯狂英语拿手好戏卡(1)

第一拿手好戏:社交性寒暄的全面总结

1. A: How are you doing?
B: I'm doing fine/OK/pretty well/great/super/terrific/so-so. 或: Not bad. /The same as ever. /I can't complain too much. (我不能太抱怨。/还不错。)
B: Terrible. I've had a headache all morning.
2. A: How's it going? B: Fine. /Pretty good.
A: How's everything with you/going?
B: Well, I'm still alive and kicking. /So far so good.
3. A: How've you been? (你近来怎么样?)
B: All right. 或: Not much lately.
4. A: How are things with you/going? B: Great.
或: I'm just taking one day at a time. (我只是过一天算一天。)
5. A: What's happening?
(原意为"有什么事",现在已演变成"你好吗?"
A: What's happening with you these days?
B: Nothing much. (没什么。)
6. A: What's new?/What's up?
B: Not much. / Nothing in particular. / Nothing special.
7. A: Anything interesting happening?
8. A: How are you (are they/is she /is he) getting along?
(近来如何?)包括事业、健康状况等等!
B: Keeping busy. Yourself?
9. A: How do you feel today? B: I feel like a new man.
还有两个特别地道的问候是*What's going on? 和*What are you up to? 都表示"你在忙些什么?",在美国电影中常听到。
★ 下面提供大量实用"废话",让你成为人际交往公关大师!
l Are you making progress?
l Did you sleep soundly last night.
l Have you gotten over your cold?
l How come you look so tired?
l Why are you in such a good mood?
l I just stopped by to say hello.
l What a pleasant surprise running into you.
l I'm glad I ran into you. Where have you been hiding lately?
l I've been thinking about you lately. Let's talk over coffee.
l You're just the man I want to see.
l I haven't seen you for ages/in years/for a long time.
l It's nice to see you again. Have you changed jobs?
l How was your trip to New York?
l What has kept you so busy?

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文化翻译与文化“传真”

文化翻译与文化“传真”

摘 要: 本文阐述了文化、语言、翻译三者之间的关系,论证了文化翻译的理论基础。本文认为:文化翻译是在文化研究的大语境下来考察翻译,即对文化以及语言的“表层”与“深层”结构进行研究,探索文化与翻译的内在联系和客观规律;文化“传真”意指文化翻译的基本准则,即要求译语从文化义的角度准确地再现原语文化所要传达的意义、形式及风格。翻译中“文化传真”度的把握也是本文探讨的重点。

关键词: 文化翻译;文化“传真”;文化“传真”的度

Abstract: The paper studies the theoretical basis of the translation of culture by exploring the relation between culture, language and translation. The translation of culture is discussed in the broad context of research on culture. This includes an analysis of the surface and deep structures of culture and language, and the examination of the internal contact between culture and translation as well as the objective laws pertaining to their interaction. Facsimile of culture refers to the basic criterion of translation, one which requires that the meaning, form and style of the source language be precisely expressed in the translation From the angle of culture. In addition, the paper explores the extent to which a facsimile of culture could be achieved in translation.

Key words: Translation of culture; facsimile of culture

文化翻译是指在文化研究的大语境下来考察翻译,即对各民族间的文化以及语言的“表层”与“深层”结构的共性和个性进行研究,探讨文化与翻译的内在联系和客观规律。

1.文化翻译与文化“传真”

文化“传真”在此意指文化翻译的基本原则。它要求译语要从文化义的角度准确地再现原语所要传达的意义、方式及风格。换言之,就是把原语的“形”、“神”在译语中原计原味地体现出来。由此可见文化“传真”的研究是翻译中的关键部分。翻译之所以不那么容易,乃是因为语言反映文化,承载着丰厚的文化内涵,并受文化的制约。一旦语言进入交际,便存在对文化内涵的理解和表达问题。这就要求译者不但要有双语能力,而且还有双文化乃至多文化的知识,特别是要对两种语言的民族心理意识、文化形成过程、历史习俗传统、宗教文化以及地域风貌特性等一系列互变因素均有一定的了解。正是以上这些互变因素,英汉民族的语言文化体现出各自特有的民族色彩。比如《红楼梦》中有这么一句话“……竟不像老祖宗的外孙女儿,竟是嫡亲的孙女似的。”一般认为,嫡亲的孙儿、孙女的血缘上要亲过外孙、外孙女。王熙凤这句话无疑是指林黛玉气质不凡,就像贾母的孙女一样,借此来讨得贾母的欢心。如果将这句话译成“She doesn’t take after your side of the family, Grannie. She’s more like a Jia.”这样便有贬损贾母娘家之嫌。谙熟中国传统的杨戴伉俪将这句话译为“She doesn’t take after her father, son-in-law of our old Ancestress, but looks more like a Jia.”该译文使凤姐的言外之意表达得贴切到位,把中国这种封建家庭的传统意识忠实地传达给了读者。

有时即便对某成语典故的文化含义有所了解,但在翻译中不能根据语境灵活处理,也有可能达不到“传真”的效果。比如“a dog in the manger”常被直译为“狗占马槽”,但用在下面的两例中似乎就不合适了。

例一:Let me have the skates. You don’t know how to skate. Don’t be a dog in the manger.

译文:把冰鞋给我,你不会滑冰,不要狗占马槽。(此句中划线部分应该译成“不要占着茅坑不拉屎”为妥。)

例二:There you are the dog in the manger! You won’t let him discuss you affairs, and you are annoyed when he talks about his own.

译文:你狗占马槽!你不让他谈你的事,可他讲他自己的事你又恼了。(此句中划线部分应译为“你不干还不让别干!”才达意。)

英汉两民族的宗教信仰不同,自然也会体现在语言方面。English/">英语中出现的文化主要是基薄雾浓云愁永昼督教文化《圣经》在整个西方文明的形成和发展中起了不可估量的作用。与之相应的是在我国影响极为深远的佛教文化。两种文化在思维习惯上、语言表达形式上,词汇意象和含义上,都有着自己的特色,故翻译时特别要引起注意。例如Hawkes把《红楼梦》中的“阿弥陀佛”竟然译成”God bless my soul”,把上帝拿来代替佛教的无量寿佛,这很可能让西方人以为中国人也信奉上帝。这样的译文大大地削减了中国文化内涵。又如“天诛地灭”这一成语运用“天”、“地”作为最高权力的象征,但它只能适用于深受天道观影响的中国,故不能用反映基薄雾浓云愁永昼督教信仰的”God”取代。某些含异域感情玉枕纱厨色彩的词语的翻译也是一个难点。

由上可见,“文化翻译”的的确确是在“文化研究的大语境”下做翻译,而文化“传真”是做好文化翻译的关键。

2.翻译中文化“传真”度的把握

文化“传真”不仅仅指忠实原语,而且是在考虑异域文化的前提下寻求一种最佳的翻译方法。至于什么是它的“度”还没有固定的定规可循,所以如何准确地把握它的尺度还有待译者经过长期的磨砺和探索。笔者拟就双语转换的“度”这个问题从以下三个方面谈谈自己肤浅的认识。

2.1 探究词语的历史、社会背景意义及文化内涵,准确把握文化“传真”

文化翻译既要考虑历史、社会背景,又要注重那些有同有异,大同小异,同中有异的词语,译者要保持清晰的思维,既要注重文化深层的蕴含,又要了解语言表层含义的异同之处。 2.1a 摆脱性忌讳和性压抑的民族心理制约

不同民族的社会风尚,伦理道德的异同,有时也使原文难以予以忠实传译。比如在法莫道不消魂国,男女间一旦可以亲吻嘴唇,那就几乎等于可以同床共枕了。所以为了照顾民族习惯,怕有伤使用译文语言国度的风化,法莫道不消魂国人在翻译英国小说时,将英国式父女亲嘴改为法莫道不消魂国式父女拥抱。显然这是有异于原意的改写,不能达到“传真”效果。

《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中有这么一句话:He made you a highway to my bed, But I, amaid, die maiden-widowed.

受到我国几千年礼教文化干扰的前辈翻译家朱生豪把此句译为:他借你(软梯)做牵引相思的桥梁,可是我却要做一个独守空闺的怨女而死去。此句中的“死”被悄悄地译为得体得多的“相思”,因而产生了经不起推敲的语病。在传统的中国文化中,一个尚未出嫁的闺女怎能直截了当地说出要她的心上人“上我的床”呢?情感、价值观发生了变化的90年代的翻译家方平,冲破了性忌讳和性压抑的民族心理束缚,把此句改译为:他本要借你做捷径,登上我的床,可怜我这处半夜凉初透女,活守寡,到死是处半夜凉初透女。方译显然更贴近原文的本意。

2.1b 切勿被表层含义所迷惑

例如“骨鲠在喉”是有话要说,非先吐之而后快,而“have a bone in one’s throat”则正好相反,是把骨头卡了喉咙作为不愿说话的借口。又如中国成语“知子莫如父”与美国的成语“It is a wise father that knows his child”似乎形式与意义上都很相近,其实涵义相反。汉语强调父亲最了解孩子:English/">英语却用“It is (a wise father) that…”这种句型来反衬即使父亲也不一定了解孩子。再看下面的谚语:The nearer the bone, the sweeter the meat. 有人把它译成“越是贴骨的肉越香”,那就只会使人想到作为食品的肉类。这仅是对字面表层含义的理解,它真正的喻义是“slim people are more attractive than fat people.”请看下面的例句:

A little skinny … for my taste, but like my ol’ dady used to say; the closer the bone, the sweeter the meat.

译文:就我的眼光来看……瘦了点,不过我老爹常说:愈不长肉愈俊俏。

有些带有宗教色彩的成语也值得注意。例如:Lick/Kiss the dust (《弥加书》第七章第17节)不能冒失地译成“五体投地”或“顶礼膜拜”。该成语深层喻义是“卑躬屈膝,忍受侮辱”,其贬责之意与汉语中的“胯下之辱”略有相同之处。

以上译语例子都是注意了词语表层字面的含义,而忽略了受其文化特性制约的深层意味。

2.1c 把握原文中人物的心理特征和事物的本质特征

形神兼备的比喻在描绘人或物外观的同时,也揭示人物的心理状态的精神实质。它寓神似于形似之中,使形似的比喻更具有实感。例如:He (Prebel) looked at the clock. The big second band was sweeping down like a guillotine. (Pat Frank) 此例中,秒针与铡刀在外在相似点在于其下落迅速,内在相似点在于两物——时间和铡刀——同样无情,正在逝去,而他(Preble) 应下决心的时刻却在一秒一秒地逼近。又如:Beauty is but flower, which wrinkles will devour。外观上,“beauty”和“flower”两者都很美,但最终都会被吞噬,本质上两者具有mortality(必死性)这一特点。

2.1d 找准直译、意译、注释三者的“契合点”,体现原语的文化风貌

例如:There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman.

a. 法莫道不消魂国人的性格混合有老虎和猿的成分。

b. 法莫道不消魂国人的性格既残暴又狡猾。

c. 虎恶狐狡,兼而有之,这就是法莫道不消魂国人的性格。

以上的译文C是直译和意译融为一体的最佳体现。

又如:It seemed strange that the various editors should permit such redundant flogging of dead donkey, unless perhaps they had a suspicion that after all the donkey might not be quite dead, and wished to make sure.

译文:奇怪的是,还有编辑竟允许一再鞭打死驴——重复已成定论的东西,除非他们也许怀疑驴子可能没有完全断气,想证实一下。(此句中带点的部分意译,其它部分直译。直译保持了原有的表达方式,意译体现其内在含义。)

在美国中篇小说《街头女朗玛吉》中,有一句母亲说女儿的话:An ‘after all her bringin’ –up what I tol ‘her an’ talked wid her. She goes the d’ bad, like a duck teh water. 这里Like a duck to water是个很贴切的比喻,很容易被中国人接受。于是孙致礼先生把全句译为“我生她养她,叮咛来嘱咐去,她还是去做那伤风败俗的事儿,跟鸭子下水一样有瘾头。”这样的形象直译,即保持了异域文化色彩,又给人耳目一新的感觉。

还有些English/"> 英语成语引喻了《圣经》中的人物。如果采取直译加注的话,就能把原文的喻义如实地展示出来。例如:as old as Methuselah, as rich as a Jew, as wise as Solomon。玛士撒拉(Methuselah)是《圣经》中以诺之子,据说享年969年;古代犹太人多因高利贷盘剥蓄财,犹太人(Jew)就成了富人的代名词;所罗门王(Solomon)是《圣经》中记载的古代以色列王,以智慧著称。

直译有时能保持原文的生动形象,补充或丰富汉语词汇,使译文新鲜有力,该译法在政治用语上尤为多见,如:Lame duck——跛鸭(即将卸任而未重新当选的官半夜凉初透员);Dark horse——黑马(原来不为人知,意外取胜的候选人或选手);a stick-and-carrot policy——大棒加胡萝卜政策,等等。这种直译法首先应该考虑在汉语能够接受的前提下进行。

2.1e 留神带有异域感情玉枕纱厨色彩词语的翻译

不同的民族对一些具有文化义的动、植物词以及季节词的属性和特征的认识往往有异同之处

,故而产生了丰富的联想,并出现了许多既有共性又有个性的隐喻现象,使英汉语中的某些词语产生了褒贬、好恶、悲欢等浓郁的感情玉枕纱厨色彩。

英汉习俗差异最典型的莫过于对某些动物的态度及其深层的文化内涵。中国人十分喜爱猫,用“馋猫”比喻人贪嘴,常有亲昵的成份。而在西方文化中cat“猫”被用来比喻“包藏祸心的女人”,在中国人的心目中“山羊”是个褒意词,而英国人却视“goat”为色鬼,淫荡的人。莎剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第二幕第四景中Mercutio讥讽老乳母为娼妓时,用了hare一词:

Romeo: What has thou found?

Mercutio: No hare, sir.

梁实秋先生把这段话译为:

罗:你发现了什么?

墨:倒不是野鸡,先生。

hare本为野兔,俗语是娼妓之意,相当于汉语中的“野鸡”。“野兔”变成了“野鸡”,恰好又与“野妓”谐音双关,真可谓译到好处。

汉语中某些植物词喻意也很深刻。“杨柳”可喻“风尘女子”、“轻浮、无情的女子”以及妓院等,如“水性杨花”、“花街柳巷”、“寻花问柳”等。English/">英语的willow却是悲伤命运的象征。柳树的形象在莎士比亚的戏剧中,是和奥菲莉和黛丝泰蒙娜的悲惨命运联系在一起的,黛丝泰蒙娜在离开人世之前唱的正是柳树之歌。

中国文化往往将“悲、凉、伤、愁”与“秋”连在一起。秋风一起,凉意顿生,便有“逢秋悲寂寞”,生出许多“幽怨悲愁”的情愫,如:蒋士“泪与秋河相似,点点注天东”;欧阳修的“夜静风竹敲秋韵,万叶千起皆是恨”等名句。而English/">英语的autumn却正好相反,它不仅没有“愁滋味”,而且常与“宁静的秋日情调”联系在一起,如“秋语、秋蛩”等;“秋声”也常有欢乐之意。在翻译中对这些色彩词语得仔细斟酌,不留意便会出现“文化失真”现象。

2.2 不要给“洋人”穿上“长袍马褂”,原汁原味地体现文化“传真”

鲁迅先生在谈翻译时特别强调要注意异国情调,也就是所谓的洋气。此处“洋气”是指保存原语所蕴含的异域文化特色,不要使English/">英语说法带上特有的中国色彩。

2.2a 字面翻译有时优于意译

例如:as gentle as a lamb(像羊一样温和),as gay as a lark(像云雀一样欢跃),as proud as peacock(像孔雀一样骄傲),as ugly as a toad,(像癞蛤蟆一样丑陋),as hard as flint(像燧石一样坚硬),as like as two peas(像两颗豆一样相像)。这样处理既传达了形象,又为译文增添了异国风情。

当然刻意追求“洋味”和“形象”有时也适得其反。

例如:With determination, with luck, and with the help From lots of good people, I was able to rise From the ashes.

译文:凭着我的决心,我的运气,还有许多善良人们的帮助,我终于得以东山再起。(此译文中舍去了凤凰焚身的形象。倘若一味强调原文的“形象”和“洋味”,直译为“我终于人灰烬中获得新生。”那就使人不知所云了。)

2.2b 避免把汉语鲜明的民族或地方色彩强加到译文中去

例如:English/"> 英语成语(a region) flowing with milk and honey 来自《圣经》,牛奶和蜂蜜是西方人熟悉的食品,这一成语如译成汉语的“鱼米之乡”,虽然意思相近,但未免有些不伦不类了。故还是译成“物产富饶之地”比较合适。又如:When Greek meet Greek, then comes the tug of war.此谚语源自古希腊城市对马其顿国王腓及亚历山大的顽强抵抗,以后常用来说明两个勇士或两支勇敢的军队发生战斗时,打斗激烈的场面。有人把它译成 “张飞遇张飞,杀得满天飞”。此句中张飞是我国的历史人物,在英国并无其人,故不宜在译文中出现。此句译为“两雄相遇,其斗必烈”更彼具“原味”些。

2.2c 注意“洋味”中“土气”的处理

英译汉时不仅要保持译文中的“洋味”,而且还要特别注意“洋味”中的某些“土气”,即那些通过语法或语音变异所表现的不规范语或者俚语。这种表达法可以用来渲染人物的个性,体现人物的文化层次以及所处的社会地位等。比如:

“I kept it From her after I heard on it,” said Mr. Peggotty, “going on nigh a year. We was living then in a solitary place, but among the beautifullest trees,…”

“起那时俺听了消息后,”辟果提说:“瞒着她快一年了。俺们那时呆的地方挺背,前后八方的树林子说不出的最漂亮,……”

原文辟果提先生的话错误百出,说明他所受的教育不多,不是上流阶层的人物。译文尽可能地把表层结构的这一特点做了如实传达。假如把译文中划线部分改为“我听到那消息后”,“我当时住在一个僻静的地方,周围有十分美丽的树……”这种译文虽然通顺,但有悖于原文,原有的“土气”已丧失,不利于再现辟果提说话的口吻与神态。又如《苔丝》中有这么一句话:

“O no-I wouldn’t have it for the world!” declared Tess. “And letting everybody know the reason-such a thing to be ashamedo’!”

“不能,俺豁着死了,也不能那么办!”苔丝骄傲地大声说。“这样的事情要是让别人知道了,还不得把人臊死吗?”

母亲叫苔丝找一个跟她跳舞的男伴陪她上集去卖蜂窝。苔丝觉得这样不成体统,坚决不答应。原文中for the world表示强调,to be ashamedo是不规范的语言,张谷若先生的译文使用“豁着死了”和“把人臊死”等俚语,不仅同原句语体相贴,而且符合农村姑娘的语体口吻;同时也把苔丝淳朴、善良、羞涩的性格呈现在读者面前。

2.3 恰当使用汉语中的习语和规范语,以最佳的方式展视文化“传真”

文化翻译实践的过程,可以说是对原语文字与文化内容进行深刻剖析,得其义,悟其神,然后用锤炼过的译语文字将其表达出来的过程。译语不仅要保持前面所说的“原味”,而且必要时还要具有“本土味”,即采用规范的汉语和被中国人接受的习惯表达方式,否则同样也达不到“传真”效果。

2.3a 具有本土味的表达法

例如:The man is the black sheep of family.

如果把该谚语译成“那人是全家的黑羊”便会使人觉得莫名其妙,不知究意是何含义。该译文有两处错误:一是喻体在中国人心中的形象不明确;二是本体和喻体的相似点没指出,若把划线部分更换成“害群之马”,喻意就一目了然了。

还有些成语要转换喻体才能被汉语接受,比如a lion in the way(拦路虎),like a hen n a hot girdle(像热锅上的蚂蚁),The leopard cannot change his spots(狗改不了吃屎)等等。

语言的相互借鉴可丰富两种语言的表现力。汉语中已融入了许多由English/">英语直译过来的“洋味”很浓的词语。从英文的角度来说,西方人也乐意收集一些他们没有的异域表达法。比如“像同一个笼子里的公鸡”直译成英文like two cocks in the same cage是能被英美读者接受的,如再加上一句地道的英文you’ll see the flying feathers, 中文的含意是“肯定会血战到鸡毛横飞”,那么就更加形象逼真了。又如“竭泽而鱼”是译成to drain the pond in order to get all the fish,还是采用对应英文的成语to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs为好,笔者认为前者更为贴切。虽然它表面上似乎丢失了一点“洋气”,但能体现该成语那具有浓郁汉语特色的“本土味”。

2.3b 尽量使用规范的汉语,注意译语中的“神韵”

比如Studies serve for delight, for ornament and, for ability(培根的Of Studies一文的第一句话)译成“读书可以使人们从中获得愉快的感觉,可以增添光彩及增长才干”,其意思虽然同“读书足以怡情,足以博采,足以长才” (王佐良译)无大异,但与原文相比,神韵味道尽失,而且还破坏了原文表层结构的三项式排比特点。

汉语的四字结构把各种语言要素和表现手段凝为一体,结构严整,蕴涵丰富,如能在译文中恰当使用,将会收到难得的修辞效果。

例如:I suppose he will be awfully proud, and that shall be treated most contemptuously. Still I must bear my hard lot as well as I can…

译文:我猜他准是傲气凌人,不把我放在眼里,我有什么办法呢?只能逆来顺受了……(《名利场》)。(在该句中“凌人”是原意的引申,“逆来顺受”和bear my hard lot基本上同义,如译成“忍受我苦难的命运”则大为逊色。)

综上所述,要准确地把握好翻译中文化“传真”的度,就必须考虑这三个要素:不同语域的民族文化传统、文化内容和文化心理。从宏观上,译者要了解文化的蕴含、翻译的基本理论及技巧,在微观上要仔细观察以上“三要素”的差异并且加以对比和分析,从而找出“文化失真”产生的原因。总之,只有在考虑异域文化的前提下把“信、达、雅”融为一体,使译文“神、形”并茂,这样才能确保文化“传真”的实现,才能真正地做好文化翻译。

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美国校园情景会话 2

2. Getting Cleaned up 弄干净
A: Hey, Bob. I can't find my electric shaver.
B: I`m sorry. I used it and I guess I put it on the top shelf with my stuff.
A: Yead,here it is.You might atleast clean it up when you use it. The blade's dirty ang I still can't find the cord
B: Stop complaining and start shaving. Breakfast'll be ready in about five minutes and you won't. Your eggs are already beginning to burn. What kind of juice do you want?
A: Do we have a choice?
B: Sure. Tomato or V8.
A: Wellyou know how I feel about tomato. Surprise me.

Notes:
electric shaver 电动剃须刀
cord (电动剃须刀的)插头电线
do we have a choice? 我们可以任意选择吗?
V8 美国一种罐装蔬菜果汁的牌名(在超级市场均有售)

译文:
A:喂,鲍勃,我怎么找不到我的电动剃须刀?
B:抱歉,我用过了。我想是把它和我的东西一起放到壁橱上面的搁板上了。
A:嗯,在这里。 你用过以后至少应该把它弄干净。刀片很脏,电线也还没有找到。
B:别抱怨了, 快刮胡子吧。大约还有五分钟早饭就好了, 要不你就来不及吃早饭了。你的鸡蛋已经烧焦了。你想吃什么果汁?
A:有挑选余地吗?
B:是的,有番茄汁和V8。
A:嗯,你知道我对番茄汁的态度。 真使我意外!

Posted in 校园口语 Campus English | Leave a comment

Lifelong Parenting

Lifelong parenting n. taking care of one’s adult children, especially those who show no desire to live on their own

Also: life-long parenting.

Example:

An increasing number of young adults are moving back into their parents’homes after they have supposedly flown the nest. Soaring(不断上涨的) property prices, combined with unprecedented levels of relationship breakdown and greater career instability(不稳定), mean that offspring(儿女)aged 20 to 30 are now returning to live with their parents more often and staying longer when they get there. Almost one in four of this age group is now living with parents, according to a study published today by the Social Market Foundation. The trend has given rise to a new phenomenon the report termed(称为) “lifelong parenting”. It is being supported by a change of attitude in young adults in which living with Mum and Dad is no longer seen as a source of ridicule(嘲笑). More than half of adult children living with their parents said they were perfectly happy to do so.

Earliest example:

“One of the reasons we choose dogs as pets that there appears to be in their attachment(依恋)for an altruistic(无私心的) love, a willingness to please another without outward reward,” Fugal writes. “But we also choose them because we are helplessly programmed to do so.” In a recent interview(采访), he expanded on the thought:“Humans are programmed for lifelong parenting. And pets don't hesitate to take advantage of this need in us.”

Posted in 高中英语 English for Senior High | Leave a comment

初中英语专项训练(一)

中国英语学习网,你最好的英语学习伙伴 24en.com

Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.

He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). he looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.

“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.

“There’s plenty of time yet,” answered Tom.

“Well, I’ll get you some more tea then,” said Mike.

They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. “Oh! It’s going backward(倒行)!” he cried. “A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’s half past eleven.”

“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike. Tom was so sad(难过). The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.

根据以上短文内容,从下列各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。

1、Tom went into the station cafe because ______.

A.Mike asked him to have a cup of tea

B.it was quite early and he could find a seat there

C.he didn’t like to stay with the schoolgirls

D.he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there

2、What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror?

A.Half past twelve B.Twenty to twelve

C.Half past eleven D.Half past one

3、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find _______.

A.the time is right B.it’s going slower

C.it’s going backward D.it’s going faster

4、Which of the following is true?

A.Tom arrived in Paris on time

B.The next bus would leave in half an hour

C.After that Tom didn’t like clocks any longer

D.Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once

5、Which of the following is the title(题目) of the story?

A.The Mirror of the Station

B.Not A Careful Man

C.Missing A Bus

D.The Clock In The Mirror

Key: 1、B 2、A 3、C 4、D 5、D

Posted in 初中英语 English for Junior High | Leave a comment

小学英语 English for Primary Schools

小学英语教学中,单词教学是必不可少的一个重要环节。由于小学生年龄小, 好玩,不愿把更多的精力花费在记单词上,因此,几乎所有的小学生一提起英 语单词,就感到很头痛。这就要求教师注意教学方法,充分 调动学生的学习积极性,把单词教学贯穿到娱乐之中,使学生学起来不感到枯燥、乏味,激发他们 的学习兴趣 ,使他们每个人的学习才能得以充分发挥。

一、英语单词教学的五个步骤

1.让学生仔细听单词的读音。教师可放录音给他们听,使学生从听觉上正确 地感受某个单词的读音。

2. 让学生看所学单词所代表的事物之形状。因为小学英语中,大部分单词是 表示具体的事物,抽象的甚少 。这样教师就可以通过实物、卡片或了了几笔的简笔画,把要学的单词展示在学生面前,使学生有一种直观感 受。如学习用品、交通工具、动物等单词,可以用实物或玩具进行直观教学。象sun,moon,star等 单词,教师可 用简笔画帮助教学,既生动,又形象。

3.让学生拼读单词。教师把所学单词书写在黑板上或卡片上,让学生拼读, 掌握单词是由哪些字母组合而 成的。

4. 让学生想其读音和构成。通过以上三个步骤的训练,所学单词的读音和构 成已基本上在学生大脑中形成 。这时要求学生想一想所学单词读音和字母组合,主要是加深印象,让学生记牢。5.让学生说出和写出单词, 目的是检验学生的掌握情况。教师拿出实物或卡片,要求学生正确拼读出来,并能在三线本上写出 来。如教师 拿出苹果,学生观其形,就拼写出a-p-p-l-e。

以上五个步骤,缺一不可,只有通过听、看、读、说、写的练习,才算系统 地完成了一个新单词的教学。

二、教单词与做游戏相结合,寓单词教学于娱乐之中

仅仅凭以上五个步骤的训练教学还不够,因为它们容易使学生产生疲劳感, 会使学生感到厌烦,课堂教学 气氛沉闷,不利于提高学生学习的积极性。于是,我在教单词时,辅以游戏,主要是测学生的记忆力如何。要 求每个学生自制一朵大红花。教师教每个单词都只用3分钟,那就是让学生听30秒,看30秒,读 1分钟,写1分钟。然后就听写所学单词,看谁的记忆力强。教师备有一本记 录本,一次通过的,记忆力为100%,誉为"记忆力 强者",自己拿出大红花戴在胸前。有时教师还可备些小的奖品。3分钟不能通过,再重新背一遍。两次通 过者,记忆力为80%,三次以上通过者,记忆力为60%。这样,调动了学生学习 的积极性。个个都争做"记忆力强者 "。有的同学因记忆力较差,就在教师教新单词前提前预习,做到笨鸟先飞。于是全班记忆单词的能力有了很 大的提高。下面是我在一个班做的实验结果。五年级刚学英语时,全班58人,教一个新单 词,一次就通过的, 32人,占全班55%;两次通过的,16人;占全班28%;三 次以上通过的,10人,占全班17%;到了六年级,同样教 一个新单词,一次通过的,48人,占全班的83%;两次通过的,8人,占全班15%;三次以上通过的, 2人,占全班2%。由此可见,把竞争机制引入课堂,激发了学生的兴趣和求胜 的欲望,确实起到了良好的效果。

三、注意关心差生,对他们加以个别辅导

每次单词测试结果,必然会产生个别"记忆力弱者",他们会有种自卑感。 教师应正面引导,对他们要有 耐心,单独地进行补缺补差,同时要求好的同学多多帮助差生,使差生感受到周围的师生没有瞧不起他们,而 是在关心他们, 让他们重新树立起学好英语的信心。这样全班就形成了一个你追我赶、互帮互学的良好的英语 学习氛围。

Posted in 小学英语 English for Primary Schools | Leave a comment

少儿英语

ALFY Lemonade Stand

ALFY Lemonade Stand
ALFY,this game is boring.

I know,sis.We need to get something new.

Click on ALFY to give him a good idea.

I'v got it.We'll have a lemonade stand!

Maybe we'll make enough money to buy a new game.

Good idea ALFY.Let's go.

Will you help me and my sister

Ashley make a big batch of lemonade?

First click on the pitcher to fill it with ice water.

Now click on the lemons to add them to the water.

Now click on the sugar to make the lemonade sweet.

Now click on the spoon to stir the lemonade.

Now we have to set up the stand outside.

First click on the tablecloth to cover up the table.

Now click on the lemonade pitcher and the cups.

Now click on the wooden box and the sign.

Our lemonade stand is open for business.

Hey Alfy,here comes Mr.Ditmeyer From across the street.

Hi Mr.Ditmeyer.

Hello you two.Say,that lemonade sure looks good.

It's freshly made.Do you want to busy some?

I sure do!

Click on Mr.Ditmeyer to sell him a lemonade.

Here you go.

Thanks a lot.Good luck to you two.See ya!

Thank you bye bye.

Help ALFY and Ashley sell their Lemonade by clicking on the
customers.

Thank you.

Thanks a lot.

Thanks a lot.

Ashley,we've sold all the lemonade,And have earned enough
money to buy Ourselves a new game!

We'll buy our new game after we take everything inside and
clean up.

This game is much better than our last one.

Yeah,we bought it ourselves,and we had lots of fun with our
lemonade stand.

THE END
译文:

阿飞的柠檬水摊子
阿飞这个游戏太枯燥了。

我知道,妹妹。我们需要得到一些新东西。

按一下阿飞给他一个好主意。

我有办法了。我们将有一个柠檬水摊子!

也许我们将赚到足够的钱买一个新游戏。

好主意,阿飞。让我们行动。

你愿意帮助我和我的妹妹阿什蕾做一批柠檬水吗?

首先按一下大水罐把它加满冰水。

现在按一下柠檬把他们加入水中。

现在按一下糖是柠檬水发甜。

现在按一下勺子搅拌柠檬水。

现在我们要在外面搭建一个摊子。

首先按一下桌布铺在桌子上。

现在按一下柠檬水大水罐和杯子。

现在按一下木头盒子和标志。

我们的柠檬水摊子开张营业了。

嘿,阿飞,底特梅尔先生穿过马路过来了。

嗨,底特梅尔先生。

喂你们两个好。

柠檬水看起来确实不错。

刚刚做的。你需要买点儿吗?

我当然要!

按一下底特梅尔先生卖给他一杯柠檬水。

给你。

谢谢。祝你们两个好运。

回见!

谢谢你!再见。

按一下这些顾客帮助阿飞和阿什蕾卖柠檬水。

谢谢你。

多谢。

多谢。

阿什蕾,我们已经卖掉了所有的柠檬水。

有足够的钱买我们的新游戏。

在我们把所有的东西搬进去和清洁以后,

我们将买我们的新游戏。

这个游戏比上一个好多了。

是的,我们自己买的,而且和我们的柠檬水摊子一起,我们有很多的乐趣。

Posted in 少儿英语 Children’s English | Leave a comment